Simple Past Tense
Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk:
- Menyatakan tindakan yang telah
selesai pada
waktu tertentu di masa lalu.
- Contoh: She ate dinner at 7
PM last night.
- Menceritakan urutan kejadian di masa lalu (sering
digunakan dalam narasi atau cerita).
- Contoh: He woke up, brushed
his teeth, and then left for school.
- Menggambarkan kebiasaan di masa lalu yang tidak lagi
dilakukan.
- Contoh: When I was a child, I played
soccer every afternoon.
- Menggunakan keterangan waktu
(Time Adverbs)
spesifik seperti:
- Yesterday, last
week/month/year, two days ago, in 2010, when I was 5, etc.
Jenis
Kata Kerja (Verbs)
Dalam
Simple Past Tense, kata kerja (verb) diubah menjadi Verb 2 (V2). V2
terbagi menjadi dua jenis:
|
Jenis
Verb |
Keterangan |
Contoh |
|
Regular
Verbs |
Verb 1
(V1) ditambahkan akhiran -ed, -d, atau -ied. |
play >
played, live
> lived, study > studied |
|
Irregular
Verbs |
Verb 1
(V1) berubah bentuk secara tidak teratur. Bentuknya harus dihapal. |
go >
went, eat
> ate, see > saw |
Rumus
(Structure) Simple Past Tense
Simple
Past Tense memiliki dua struktur utama, yaitu: Verbal (menggunakan action
verbs) dan Nominal (menggunakan To Be: was/were).
1.
Rumus Kalimat Verbal (Menggunakan V2)
|
Jenis
Kalimat |
Rumus |
Contoh |
|
Positif
(+) |
Subject
+ Verb 2 (V2) + Object/Complement |
They watched
a movie yesterday. |
|
Negatif
(-) |
Subject
+ did not (didn't) + Verb 1 (V1) + Object/Complement |
They didn't
watch a movie yesterday. |
|
Tanya
(?) |
Did +
Subject + Verb 1 (V1) + Object/Complement? |
Did they watch a movie
yesterday? |
Catatan
Penting: Hanya
kalimat positif (+) yang menggunakan Verb 2 (V2). Untuk kalimat negatif
(-) dan tanya (?), kembali menggunakan Verb 1 (V1) karena sudah ada kata
kerja bantu did.
2.
Rumus Kalimat Nominal (Menggunakan To Be: Was/Were)
Kalimat
nominal digunakan ketika predikatnya BUKAN kata kerja, melainkan:
- Noun (Kata Benda): student,
teacher, book.
- Adjective (Kata Sifat): happy, busy,
tired.
- Adverb (Kata Keterangan): at
home, here, there.
|
To
Be |
Digunakan
untuk Subject |
|
Was |
I, He,
She, It, Singular Noun (nama orang tunggal, dll.) |
|
Were |
You, We,
They, Plural Noun (dua nama orang atau lebih, dll.) |
|
Jenis
Kalimat |
Rumus |
Contoh |
|
Positif
(+) |
Subject
+ was/were + Noun/Adj/Adv |
She was
busy last night. |
|
Negatif
(-) |
Subject
+ was/were + not + Noun/Adj/Adv |
She was
not busy last night. |
|
Tanya
(?) |
Was/Were
+ Subject + Noun/Adj/Adv? |
Was she busy last night? |
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